International Leprosy Association -
History of Leprosy

  • International Leprosy Association -
    History of Leprosy

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    1958 Ongino Hospital"The Settlement has been modernised in the last three years to meet present day needs. Nearly half the 75 000 patients in Uganda today are in the Eastern province, where we are conveniently centrally situated. As far as possible we admit all children with leprosy to Kumi, where there is a full Primary School and a staff of qualified teachers, who have offered to teach here.
    More and more, the serious lepromatous patients and the crippled patients are admitted to Ongino. The more able-bodied attend as Out-Patients or go to the numerous treatment villages nearer their homes. There are a growing number of these villages sponsored by the Uganda Medical Department, built by the African Local Governments concerned, and the responsibility of the District Medical Officers. We co-operate in carrying out a good deal of the clinical work. This gives us many opportunities for evangelism.
    We are a recognised training school for leprosy orderlies who staff the treatment villages. Boys come from all over the Eastern and Northern provinces. A model farm is run at Ongino to try and encourage patients to learn new methods. In the dry season they carry out building programmes of various types. Patients are, as far as possible, referred back to their local churches, when they have been baptised and confirmed in the settlement. (122/3 Kumi and Ongino 1958-1960. Report from Dr J Maurice Lea, Archives of the Leprosy Mission International, Brentford).
    [Leprosarium] [Uganda]
    1958 Kumi Leprosy CentreThere are about 75 000 cases of leprosy in Uganda. (122/3 Kumi and Ongino 1958-1960, Archives of the Leprosy Mission, International) [Leprosarium] [Uganda]
    1958 Kumi Leprosy Centre"The Settlement has been modernised in the last three years to meet present day needs. Nearly half the 75 000 patients in Uganda today are in the Eastern province, where we are conveniently centrally situated. As far as possible we admit all children with leprosy to Kumi, where there is a full Primary School and a staff of qualified teachers, who have offered to teach here. More and more the serious lepromatous patients and the crippled patients are admitted to Ongino. The more able-bodied attend as Out-Patients or go to the numerous treatment villages nearer their homes. There are a growing number of these villages sponsored by the Uganda Medical Department, built by the African Local Governments concerned, and the responsibility of the District Medical Officers. We co-operate in carrying out a good deal of the clinical work. This gives us many opportunities for evangelism.
    We are a recognised training school for leprosy orderlies who staff the treatment villages. Boys come from all over the Eastern and Northern provinces.

    In 1958, there were 260 children at Kumi and 300 adults at Ongino. Dr lea wrote that "Even with modern drugs, the treatment of leprosy is a long and slow business, seldom taking less than three years, and in the more severe cases this figure is often doubled or even trebled. Much can be done for these people from a medical point of view. Brilliant research work in the reconstructive surgery of leprosy is opening up endless possibilities of hope for these crippled patients, and our recently-opened operating theatre will soon be hard at it in this work; while our new laboratory is now beginning to take its place among other research centres all over the world." (Rev J Maurice Lea "An Appeal from Kumi" 1958/9) (122/3 Kumi and Ongino 1958-1960, J Maurice Lea, Archives of the Leprosy Mission, International)
    [Leprosarium] [Uganda]
    1959 Peel Island lazarette closed (400 people) [Other] [Australasia]
    1959 By the end of the year the government opened 19 more leprosy control units in Orissa. [Epidemiology] [India]
    1959 By 1959, with government financial support, the number of leprosy villages increased to 180, with 8,189 rooms and 17,125 patients, accounting for 72.16% of the total of 23,731 cases in the province[Shandong Province]. Among them most were classified as lepromatous.(Chen Shumin, Liu Dingchang, Liu Bing, Zhang Lin and Yu Xioulu, "Role of Leprosy Villages and Leprosaria in Shandong Province, People's Republic of China: Past, Present and Future" Leprosy Review74 (2003): 222-8.) [Other] [China]
    1959 In 1959, Dr Wade retired as Associate Medical Director and Pathologist, becoming Pathologist Emeritus of the Memorial. "Appendix 1 Important Dates and Events in the Scientific Program of the Leonard Wood Memorial" in Forty Years of Leprosy Research: History of the Leonard Wood Memorial (American Leprosy Foundation) 1928 to 1967 by Esmond R Long (Washington DC: Office of the Medical Director, Leonard Wood Memorial, 1967) [Organisation]
    1959 In 1959, the Bacteriology Unit, under Dr Hanks, moved from Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, to Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, where much needed additional space was available. "Appendix 1 Important Dates and Events in the Scientific Program of the Leonard Wood Memorial" in Forty Years of Leprosy Research: History of the Leonard Wood Memorial (American Leprosy Foundation) 1928 to 1967 by Esmond R Long (Washington DC: Office of the Medical Director, Leonard Wood Memorial, 1967) [Organisation]
    1959 In 1959, Drs Brodie, Gray and Wallace resigned from the Leonard Wood Memorial Research Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, to take positions elsewhere. "Appendix 1 Important Dates and Events in the Scientific Program of the Leonard Wood Memorial" in Forty Years of Leprosy Research: History of the Leonard Wood Memorial (American Leprosy Foundation) 1928 to 1967 by Esmond R Long (Washington DC: Office of the Medical Director, Leonard Wood Memorial, 1967) [Organisation]
    1959 In 1959, Dr Byron S Tepper was appointed Associate Biochemist, Johns Hopkins-Leonard Wood Memorial Leprosy Research Laboratory, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland. "Appendix 1 Important Dates and Events in the Scientific Program of the Leonard Wood Memorial" in Forty Years of Leprosy Research: History of the Leonard Wood Memorial (American Leprosy Foundation) 1928 to 1967 by Esmond R Long (Washington DC: Office of the Medical Director, Leonard Wood Memorial, 1967) [Organisation]
    1959 In 1959-60, Dr Rudolf L Mayer joined the staff of the Memorial. Drugs were screened for trials in human leprosy. "Appendix 1 Important Dates and Events in the Scientific Program of the Leonard Wood Memorial" in Forty Years of Leprosy Research: History of the Leonard Wood Memorial (American Leprosy Foundation) 1928 to 1967 by Esmond R Long (Washington DC: Office of the Medical Director, Leonard Wood Memorial, 1967) [Organisation]
    1959 In 1959-65, the metabolism of "non-cultivable" mycobacteria was studied. The principal investigator was J H Hanks. "Appendix 1 Important Dates and Events in the Scientific Program of the Leonard Wood Memorial" in Forty Years of Leprosy Research: History of the Leonard Wood Memorial (American Leprosy Foundation) 1928 to 1967 by Esmond R Long (Washington DC: Office of the Medical Director, Leonard Wood Memorial, 1967) [Organisation]
    1959
    In 1959/60, 3 new cases of Hansen's Disease were notified in the State of Queensland .20/100,000 (from the Statistics for the Commonwealth at 31st December 1963)
    [Epidemiology] [Australasia]
    1959 Dr K F Schaller, Chief of the Leprosy Control Service of Ethiopia, presented the results of a survey to the National Leprosy Conference. He estimated 200 000 cases. The incidence varied from 5 to 140 per 1 000 of population. (N D Fraser, “A Review of Leprosy Work in Ethiopia, Uganda, N. Rhodesia and Tanganyika”, Leprosy Review 33.2 (1962): 141-153. [Epidemiology] [Africa, Ethiopia]
    1959 New leprosaria were opened in San Antâo and Fogo, Cape Verde. A Loretti, and D Garbellini, 'Leprosy in the Cape Verde Islands', Leprosy Review (1981), 52: 337-48: p. 339. [Other] [Africa]
    1959 Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India:
    "The leprosy survey, education and treatment activity was started in the year 1959 in the Aurangabad district. With a view to expanding hospitalisation facilities and preventing the spread of leprosy, one subsidiary leprosy control centre was opened at Gangapur in 1960. The centre is under the control of the Deputy Director of Public Health services for technical supervision and administration.
    The unit is having 6 sub-centres and each sub-centre is in charge of a leprosy technician. The unit covers the whole population of 1.5 lakhs of Gangapur and Parthan Taluks. A medical officer has been appointed at the unit having a non-medical assistant to help him. The main function of the unit is survey and treatment. During the year 1968-69 one survey, education and treatment unit was established at Jalma to cover urban population. A voluntary organisation is also working at Aurangabad under the district leprosy association."
    Source: Maharashtra State Gazetteer, Aurangabad District. Bombay: Gazetteers Department, Gov of Maharashtra, 1977.
    1st edn: 1884. 2nd edn (rev): 1977, p. 791. [Other] [India]
    1959 National Sanatorium Okinawa Airaku-en 国立療養所沖縄愛楽園Col A H Marshall lectured on out-patient/domiciliary treatment in order to begin a movement for a change in policy. Ohtani states that this "initiated public awareness on this issue and later materialised as the Ryukyu government's establishment of the New Hansen's Disease Prevention Law and the implementation of domiciliary treatment." (138) [Leprosarium] [Japan]
    1959 Sudan Interior Mission Shashemane LeprosariumThe leprosarium was reported as having 240 beds, and the SIM Shashemane segregation village a further 413. There were also 8,500 outpatients.
    The need for urgent improvements noted (N D Fraser, "A Review of Leprosy Work in Ethiopia, Uganda, N. Rhodesia and Tanganyika", Leprosy Review 33.2 (1962): 141-153).
    [Leprosarium] [Ethiopia]
    1959 Lady Willingdon SettlementWhen Paul Brand was at CMC Vellore, he wrote in the Chingleput guest book:
    "I am very glad to revisit this place after several years, and to see the fine buildings coming up to completion. I am even more glad to see the beginning of an active programme of physiotherapy, and social work, and to meet the surgeon who is to begin hand reconstruction.

    I wish the director every success as he leads his team into a full coordinated programme of research and teaching, and we at Vellore will be more than glad to offer any help that we can , and to profit by mutual cooperation and consultation."
    [Leprosarium] [India]
    1959 San AntâoNew leprosaria opened in San Antâo and Fogo. A Loretti, and D Garbellini, 'Leprosy in the Cape Verde Islands', Leprosy Review (1981), 52: 337-48, p. 339. [Leprosarium] [Cape Verde]
    1959 FogoNew leprosaria opened in San Antâo and Fogo. A Loretti, and D Garbellini, 'Leprosy in the Cape Verde Islands', Leprosy Review (1981), 52: 337-48, p. 339. [Leprosarium] [Cape Verde]
    1959 Princess Zenebework Memorial HospitalThe hospital had 1,250 beds.
    Source: Dr ND Fraser, "A review of leprosy work in Ethiopia, Uganda, N. Rhodesia and Tanganyika", Lep Rev, 33.2 (1962): 141-153; on p. 141. [Leprosarium] [Ethiopia]
    1959 SIM Selassie LeprosariumListed as having 600 patients in a segregation village with 1,500 outpatients on register.
    Source: ND Fraser, "A Review of Leprosy Work in Ethiopia, Uganda, N. Rhodesia and Tanganyika", Leprosy Review 33.2 (1962): 141-153; on p. 141. [Leprosarium] [Ethiopia]
    1959 KhokanaMedical care of the 450-500 patients at Khokana became the responsibility of the Governmental health services.
    Source: Janet Jones, 'Issues in Leprosy and Social Isolation - a Case Study from Nepal', Ph.D. thesis, University of Derby, 2006, p. 182. [Leprosarium] [Nepal]
    1960 Charles C Shepard reports the multiplication of M leprae in the mouse foot pad
    Photo of M leprae [Treatment, People]
    1960 Controlled BCG trial for leprosy prophylaxis begun in Uganda [Treatment] [Africa]
    1960 1960s: Value of chemoprophylaxis in leprosy demonstrated (Dharmendra, Noordeen, Wardekar) International Journal of Leprosy: Centennial Festskrift, 1 1873-1973 [Other] [India]
    1960 “Leprosy in Mexico in the Last Fifty Years”, F Latapí Dermatologia Revista Mexicana 4.3, 4 (Dec 1960): 258-67 claims that it has existed in Mexico for more than four centuries, brought by the Conquistadores and by associations with the East. “It has spread slowly like a drop of oil and steadily takes in larger zones of the country. There are 15 000 known cases, and a conservative estimate of the true number is at least 50 000 according to the opinion of the Mexican leprologists, which has been confirmed in the official paper of Mexico at the Belo Horizonte conference of 1958, and in the official paper of Souza Lima WHO Consultant (1959) to the Mexican Government.” Leprosy Review Abstract 32.4 (October 1961): 285 [Epidemiology] [Central America]
    1960 In 1960, more than 18,000 leprosy cases were held in these leprosy villages/leprosaria, [in Shandong province, China] with an isolation rate of 77.1% of the total leprosy cases registered. (Chen Shumin, Liu Dingchang, Liu Bing, Zhang Lin and Yu Xioulu, "Role of Leprosy Villages and Leprosaria in Shandong Province, People's Republic of China: Past, Present and Future" Leprosy Review74 (2003): 222-8.) [Other] [China]
    1960 In 1960, Dr Claude V Reich was appointed Assistant Bacteriologist, JH-LWM Leprosy Research Laboratory, Baltimore, Maryland. "Appendix 1 Important Dates and Events in the Scientific Program of the Leonard Wood Memorial" in Forty Years of Leprosy Research: History of the Leonard Wood Memorial (American Leprosy Foundation) 1928 to 1967 by Esmond R Long (Washington DC: Office of the Medical Director, Leonard Wood Memorial, 1967) [Organisation]
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